How Linguistic Features of African American Vernacular English (also Research Paper

How Linguistic Features of African American Vernacular English (also known as African American English) Have Been Used to Teach Standard American English - Research Paper Example The use of contrastive strategies can sensitize Black youth to differences between Standard English and their vernacular thus assisting them in learning the standard dialect. The topic under consideration is â€Å"How linguistic features of African American Vernacular English (AAVE) or African American English (AAE) have been used to teach Standard English.† The dialect is also called Black English or Ebonics. African American children have performed relatively poorly in English classes, and one of the reasons behind this performance could be an admonition of their native dialects. Educators need a new strategy that works with black vernacular rather than against it. The use of AAVE as a facilitative language for Standard Education can boost communication and cooperation between learners and teachers. In 1996, a California school board sparked a lot of controversy when it announced that it would include home languages in classrooms, and that teachers would be trained appropriately to work with such students (Pullum, 1999). This was nothing new in American schools, but unlike other uncontroversial languages like Spanish, the most predominant language spoken by children in the school was AAVE. Media experts, African American educators, White middle class teachers, Black families and several other stakeholders lashed out against this policy proponents. A number of them, especially black parents, felt that using AAVE in the classroom would condemn black communities to narrow ethnic enclaves. They worried that their children would be unable to fit into the wider society. Others in the media made ignorant comments about AAVE by calling it nothing more than street slang. These individuals objected to the use of AAVE in classes because it was perceived as a watered-down version of Standard English, laden with mistakes, mispronunciations and abusive slurs (Perez, 1999). Contrary to what these critics assume, AAVE is a dialect in its own right. Slang is limited to small

Stakeholder Tertiary Project

Stakeholder Tertiary Project Task Statement: To address the theme of project requirements carry out research and from your finding draft clearly structured notes that explain what is: Meant by the primary, secondary and tertiary stakeholders The purpose of a scope document and sections it should contain Task Objectives: This task is given to find out the description about primary, secondary and tertiary stakeholder of a project and their activities with their concern area. All these will be described on the first section of this task. And the second section here will be defined and described about the purpose of a Scope document and also will be mentioned about its sections it should contain. Stakeholders The persons or organizations having an investment in what will be learned from an evaluation and what will be done with the knowledge. Stakeholders are groups of people who have an interest in a business organization. They can be seen as being either external to the organization, or internal. But some may be both. Primary Stakeholders Primary stakeholders are the intended beneficiaries of the project. Roles of Primary Stakeholder: Participation of primary stakeholders is essential in projects which are expected to have a direct positive impact on defined groups of people Examples of Primary Stakeholder: Employees Owners/Stockholders Customers Suppliers Stakeholder Secondary Stakeholders Secondary stakeholders are those who perform as intermediaries within a project. Roles of Primary Stakeholder: The main role of secondary stakeholder is linking local governance with national policies. In a few cases, secondary stakeholder plays a role also in consensus building, conflict management, decision making and financing. Example of secondary stakeholder: Intermediate government Local government NGOs The General Public Tertiary Stakeholders Tertiary stakeholders are those actors who are considered to have significant influence on the success of a project. Roles of tertiary Stakeholder: Tertiary stakeholders provide technical assistance, backstopping, extension and training services in their area of competence. They participate in decision-making and action taking and in awareness raising activities Tertiary stakeholder may assist in marketing, and provide financial support through investments. Example of Tertiary Stakeholder: Line agencies Enterprises and companies Banks National government authorities NGOs The purpose of Scope Documentation: The scope document is a general term for any document that refines and defines the requirements aspect of the triple constraint of time, cost, and requirements. In this general sense, it provides an overview of what the project is supposed to accomplish and clarifies how those accomplishments will be achieved. It may also provide the team members, customer, and project manager with insight on what is specifically not in the scope. The sections of a scope document: The outline for a scope document may include the elements discussed in the following sections. 1. Introduction/Background of the Project This includes the history and any environmental definitions required to understand the project. 2. Rationale/Business Opportunity This component expresses the advantages of moving ahead with the project and why it was undertaken. 3. Stakeholders and End Users This will list both business areas and individuals, citing their responsibilities, involvement, and any responsibilities or deliverables they may generate associated with the project. 4. Project Details This will sometimes be broken out into the functional requirements for the project and the technical requirements. The scope statement may only include the functional requirements. It should incorporate all of the mandatory requirements from the contract or memorandum of understanding, Should incorporate detail on the features of the deliverable that will serve those requirements. Administrative Requirements Because administrative responsibilities can be almost as onerous as project deliverable responsibilities, they should be clearly defined as components of the project scope Postproject Considerations Because the project effort normally makes up only a small component of a total system life cycle, any long-term considerations that will directly affect the project decision-making process should be incorporated in the scope document. Conclusion: This task was about the types of stakeholders and their respective responsibility in a project. And about their working roles with the example of stakeholder are provided in the task solution as I understand by reading the task statement and from my findings. I also tried to provide the information about scope documentation and its possible purposes. Reference: Web site: http://e-articles.info/e/a/title/Scope-Document/

It’s Immoral to Ban Human Cloning :: Argumentative Persuasive Argument Essays

It’s Immoral to Ban Human Cloning The Bush administration has declared itself "unequivocally opposed" to human cloning, whether for stem-cell research or reproduction. "The moral and ethical issues posed by human cloning are profound and cannot be ignored in the quest for scientific discovery." The premise here is apparent: until a scientist can satisfy the religiously minded, the scientist cannot proceed. Science functions by permission of religion. On this premise, we would not have anesthesia, birth control, or, arguably, the wheel. In a free society, the principle is not: ban everything, then allow a few exceptions. Rather, the government cannot ban anything except acts that violate individual rights. But whose rights would be violated by human cloning? If the cloning is used for research, the product is a microscopic group of cells. One could argue about the status of a fetus in the late stages of pregnancy, but there are no rational grounds for ascribing rights to a clump of cells in a Petri dish. If the cloning is used for reproduction, the result is a baby who exactly resembles, physically, someone else. Again, whose rights would that violate? If no one's, what is the justification for government even to consider stepping in to ban it? If you were cloned today, nine months from now a woman would give birth to a baby with your genetic endowment. The cloned baby would be your identical twin, delayed a generation. Twins of the same age do not frighten us, so why should a twin separated by a generation? Some fear the specter of mass cloning of one individual, especially cloning of sadistic monsters, as in "The Boys from Brazil," Ira Levin's nightmarish projection of cadres of young Hitlers spawned from the dictator's genes. The error here is philosophical: equating a person with his body. A person's essential self is his mind--that in him which thinks, values, and chooses. It is one's mind, not one's genes, that governs who one is. Man is the rational animal. One's basic choice is to think or not to think, in Ayn Rand's phrase, and the conclusions, values, and character of individuals depend upon the extent and rationality of their thinking. Genes provide the capacity to reason, but the exercise and guidance of that capacity is up to each individual, from the birth of his reasoning mind in infancy through the rest of his life. Neither genes nor environment can implant ideas in a child's mind and make him accept them.

Eating Disorders: Disease or Choice

This desire for perfection is one of the main causes of eating disorders for both men and women around the world. While there are many different organizations and reatment establishments, the aid required in overcoming an eating disorder is very expensive. Many insurance companies deny coverage for the treatment of eating disorders because they view it as a choice, because the treatment is too costly, as well as the uncertainty of the treatment for each individual patient.The standards for qualifying as having an eating disorder are very high; it is very difficult to qualify for covered treatment. The government needs to rectify this by providing more health coverage for people with eating disorders, because with the growing impact of the edia, the death rate from eating disorders will only increase. The worldwide role model for generations of women, Barbie, does not fall short of perfection. Although, what many girls do not know, are the horrors of what a real, life-size Barbie woul d be like. Dr.Margo Maine, in her book, Body Wars, reveals the truth behind a human Barbie: â€Å"If Barbie were an actual woman, she would be 5'9†³ tall, have a 39†³ bust, an 18†³ waist, 33†³ hips and a size 3 shoe† (â€Å"Barbies† 1). While these characteristics might sound appealing to some women, this â€Å"perfect† frame would cause a woman many roblems (â€Å"Barbies 1). With these proportions, Barbie would not likely menstruate and would need to walk on all fours as if she were a household pet (â€Å"Barbies 1). The doll's head, hands and feet are also not to scale (â€Å"Barbies† 1).Seeing someone, such as Barbie as perfection is a true example of a distorted body image. The Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine refers to body image as â€Å"a person's mental opinion or description of his or her own physical appearance† (Davidson 690). A falsified body image, the fear of becoming overweight, the refusal to eat foods, and/or bi nge eating ollowed by purging through vomiting, heavy exercise or the use of laxatives are all symptoms that characterize the worldwide epidemic of eating disorders (Prescott 104).Although eating disorders have the highest mortality rate of any mental illness, only 1 in 20 people with eating disorders receive treatment (Kulkarni 1). The lack of federal and state laws encourages the low incidence of treatment (Kulkarni 1). The Federal Mental Health Parity Law only requires health insurance plans (that already offer mental health coverage) to provide the same level of benefits for mental llnesses as for other physical illnesses and diseases (Kulkarni 1). This law does not accept that these insurance plans must provide mental health coverage (Kulkarni 1).The law also allows states to determine which mental illnesses they will provide coverage for (Kulkarni 1). While some states, such as Arkansas, have laws providing coverage for all mental illnesses, some states limit the coverage to à ¢â‚¬Å"serious mental illnesses† or a specific list of â€Å"biologically based† mental illnesses, such as Iowa (Kulkarni 1). These categories have been used by states and insurance companies to estrict or exclude individuals, including those suffering from eating disorders, from receiving life-saving treatment (Kulkarni 1).

2017. Nuclear Weapons A Very Short Introduction Review.

2017 Nuclear Weapons: A Very Short Introduction Review The first use of nuclear weaponry in warfare occurred on the morning of August 6, 1945 when the United States dropped the atomic bomb known as â€Å"Little Boy† on Hiroshima, Japan. The result was devastating, demonstrating the true power of nuclear warfare. Since the incident, the world has been left fearing the possible calamity of another nuclear war. Joseph Siracusa’s Nuclear Weapons: A Very Short Introduction explains aspects of nuclear weaponry from simply what a nuclear weapon is, to the growing fear from nuclear warfare advancements in an age of terrorism. The book furthered my education on nuclear weapons and the effect they place on society, physically and mentally. Siracusa†¦show more content†¦The research of the bomb took place in over 30 locations across the United States and Canada, and the development of the bomb took place in Los Alamos, Mexico (Siracusa 34). Through extensive research by many w orld-renowned physicists, it was concluded that uranium-235 was the best choice for the atomic bomb and was chosen as the energy source of the first bombs. Once tested, the bombs were built and used as the final assaults in World War II against Japan. When the bombs were detonated, there were no laws or regulations against the use of nuclear power in warfare, nor was nuclear technology frowned upon. The power of nuclear energy was evident after the explosions of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, leading to a desire for nuclear advancement worldwide peacefully. Several conferences were held and many plans were proposed for the future of nuclear technology. There were two major plans for how to handle nuclear weaponry in the future. The Baruch Plan was the proposal that the spread of nuclear weaponry cease. To do so, mining of atomic materials was to be supervised by the United Nations, and the United States was to give up its atomic weapons. The plan was presented to the Soviet Union, and their response was the Gromyko Plan. The Gromyko plan was the Soviet’s idea that all production of nuclear weapons stop, and the United States must hand over all its nuclear weapons. The plan also said that existing weapons must be destroyed within three months, new lawsShow MoreRelatedTo What Extent Did The Cuban Revolution In 1959 Mark A Turning Point Essay5328 Words   |  22 PagesTo what extent did the Cuban Revolution in 1959 mark a turning point in the US-Latin America relations? Introduction Up until the 20th century, America had only attained a notable relationship between Cuba and Mexico, any other relationship between other Latin American countries was due to small levels of trade. The majority of Latin-American countries were colonies of the Spanish Empire except Brazil which was ruled by the Portuguese Empire. 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Walmart The Human Resource Department - 1285 Words

Sam Watson the founder of Walmart once said â€Å"our people make the difference†. Walmart understands the importance of its human resource department. Its employees deal directly with its customers and this has an influence on the success of Walmart. The objectives and corporate goals of Walmart are cost reduction, saving money for on goods for its customers to live better and the acknowledgement that their success to a great extent depends on their employees. The human resource functions that Walmart has put in place to be in line with its business objectives are its retention programs/strategies, internal promotion and career development and compensation. Walmart is an American multinational retail corporation that has chains of large†¦show more content†¦Over the years, the human resource department of Walmart has broadened its traditional human resource functions of recruiting, training, employee welfare to accommodate functions that have to do with Walmart’s corporate goals and, thus aligning the human resource function with its business objectives. These functions are retention programs, internal promotion and career development and compensation. Sam Watson, the founder of Walmart placed so much value on his employees that he called the Walmart human resource department the people division instead of the human resource department. The employees are called associates rather than being known as employees. This gives a sense of belonging to he employees. One of the functions that help channel Walmart towards its corporate goals is its retention program. Walmart as a company suffers from relatively high employee turnover especially from among hourly sales employee (Thompson). The retention program is geared towards retaining the employees that Walmart already has. This is done by recognising the efforts of excellent staffs, by awarding bonuses to deserving staffs based on business performance, although this strategy is used for managerial positions (Thompson). It also includes promotions and training development to support the company human resource needsShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Structure991 Words   |  4 PagesOrganizational Structure: Walmart Michele Hileman MGT/230 June 15, 2015 Opening its doors in Rogers, Arkansas, Walmart started a profitable business in 1962. The founder, Sam Walton, could never have envisioned where his company would be in the present. Earning approximately $30,000 in 1962, Walmart has evolved into a multibillion dollar company earning over $15 billion in 2011 (Walmartstores.com, 2012). 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It is the  world s largest company by revenue, and the  largest retailer in the world. Walmart is a family-owned business, as the company is controlledRead MoreWalmart : An American Multinational Retail Corporation962 Words   |  4 PagesWalmart Case Write-up Walmart, is an American multinational retail corporation that operates a chain of discount department stores and warehouse stores. Every company successes for a reason. In my opinion, Walmart’s resources and capabilities as follows: It has strong tangible resources and capabilities. First, financial resources and capabilities. It is the world s largest company by revenue, and the largest retailer in the world. Walmart is a family-owned business, as the company is controlledRead MoreWalmart Corporation s Labor And Employee Relations1700 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction As stated on the corporate website (2017), â€Å"Walmart is the largest retailer in the world, where 2.3 million associates meet the needs of more than 260 million customers every week.† These numbers are huge, and with so many locations around the globe, they have had allegations been made by employees regarding their dissatisfaction about poor work conditions, gender discrimination, low wages, poor benefits, and inadequate health care. Walmart has been criticized for its policies against laborRead MoreCompetitive Advantage Vs. Competitive Strategy1514 Words   |  7 PagesQuantifying Walmart s Sources Of Advantage. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal 9.1 (2014): 12-33) Michael Porter (1985) defines that there are eight distinctive categories for generic discount retail business model: 1. Pricing. Retailers decide the prices of their merchandise 2. Pressure on Vendors. Retailers determine how much pressure to apply on vendors to gain favorable conditions. 3. Investment in technology. Retailers might integrate the recent technologies in their processes. 4. Human resourceRead MoreInformation System of Walmart899 Words   |  4 PagesWalmart is a billion dollar retailing machine. Through the decades, Walmart has combined many different types of information systems in to their day to day operations. Walmart is known around the world for their continuous improvements and implementation of new information systems to remain on top of the retail industry. The information systems used by Walmart play a major role in their continued success. With their use of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Walmart is able to send and receive